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The paper focuses on design, fabrication and characterization of electromagnetic microgenerators with integrated rectifying circuits to convert AC output signal to DC one. The work includes research on simulation of voltage-rectifying circuits, including charge pump, realization of the experimental printed circuit board (PCB) with selected electronic circuits and the execution of the final structure with integrated rectifying circuit. Measurements were performed on these circuits.

Electromagnetic microgenerators include multipole permanent magnets secured on rotor three-phase brushless direct current (BLDC) motor and planar multilayer multiple coils. These were fabricated using low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) technology. In our experiment, six rectifying circuits were simulated and tested with a structure consisting of eight layers of coils and with an outer diameter of 50 mm fabricated earlier.

The microgenerator with Graetz bridge generates higher output power than the modified charge pump at the same rotary speed. However, it is less stable for the distance change between the structure and the magnets than the modified charge pump, which has more constant output power in a wider range of load resistance.

The presented electronic rectifying circuits are novel for LTCC-based electromagnetic microgenerator application. The structure with integrated rectifying circuits allows generation of electrical output power larger than 100 mW at the rotor speed of about 8,000 rpm.

The increased awareness of the need to preserve and improve the natural and social environment has given rise to many studies and international conferences. Coast cities are especially vulnerable, since many have to cope with industrial and other pollution from inland as well as their own (which may include smog, e.g. Los Angeles), while their tourism depends on the attractiveness of their beaches (which may be restricted in length and area), water quality etc. Their urban and tourism development may have detracted from their attractiveness. Tourism movement to, in and from them may be highly seasonal, causing congestion and accidents, and entailing the building of accommodation and other services for peak demand. Many once popular resorts have lost much of their past tourism. The urban coastal population is over 800 million, and is forecasted to reach one billion about the year 2000, about 16% of the world's population: over 6 million tons of litter reach the sea each year [Time Magazine June 1, 1992 — based on UNEP and World Resources Inc.].